Hardening: Vulnix + kernel hardening

Signed-off-by: Hadi <hadi@example.fr>

hosts/laptop/configuration.nix

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
     ../../nixos/utils.nix
     ../../nixos/hyprland.nix
     ../../nixos/steam.nix
+    ../../nixos/kernel-hardening.nix
     ../../home/programs/gui/helium/system.nix # I hate browser's configuration..
 
     # CHANGEME: You should probably remove those things:

hosts/laptop/persistence.nix

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
       "/var/lib/systemd/timers" # last-run timestamps (e.g. nix gc weekly)
       "/var/log"
       "/var/cache/tuigreet"
+      "/var/cache/vulnix"
       "/var/db/sudo/lectured" # remembers that the sudo lecture was already shown
     ];
 

hosts/server/configuration.nix

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     ../../server-modules/bentopdf.nix
     ../../server-modules/cyberchef.nix
     ../../server-modules/mazanoke.nix
-    ../../server-modules/kernel-hardening.nix
+    ../../nixos/kernel-hardening.nix
     ../../server-modules/fail2ban.nix
     ../../server-modules/default-creds.nix
     ../../server-modules/gitea.nix

hosts/work/configuration.nix

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
     ../../nixos/users.nix
     ../../nixos/utils.nix
     ../../nixos/hyprland.nix
+    ../../nixos/kernel-hardening.nix
+    ../../nixos/vulnix.nix
     ../../home/programs/gui/helium/system.nix # I hate browser's configuration..
 
     # CHANGEME: You should probably remove those things:

hosts/work/persistence.nix

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
       "/var/lib/systemd/timers" # last-run timestamps (e.g. nix gc weekly)
       "/var/log"
       "/var/cache/tuigreet"
+      "/var/cache/vulnix"
       "/var/db/sudo/lectured" # remembers that the sudo lecture was already shown
     ];
 

nixos/kernel-hardening.nix

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# Kernel hardening for the server
 {
   boot.kernel.sysctl = {
     # Restrict access to kernel logs and pointers
@@ -9,6 +8,18 @@
     "net.core.bpf_jit_harden" = 2;
     "kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled" = 1;
 
+    # Restrict ptrace to parent processes only
+    "kernel.yama.ptrace_scope" = 1;
+
+    # Disable kexec (loading a new kernel at runtime)
+    "kernel.kexec_load_disabled" = 1;
+
+    # Disable magic SysRq key
+    "kernel.sysrq" = 0;
+
+    # Restrict access to /proc for non-root users
+    "kernel.perf_event_paranoid" = 3;
+
     # Reverse path filtering (anti-spoofing)
     "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" = 1;
     "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter" = 1;
@@ -29,7 +40,18 @@
     # Don't send ICMP redirects
     "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" = 0;
 
-    # Restrict ptrace to parent processes only
-    "kernel.yama.ptrace_scope" = 1;
+    # Ignore bogus ICMP error responses
+    "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" = 1;
+
+    # Protect against time-wait assassination
+    "net.ipv4.tcp_rfc1337" = 1;
   };
+
+  boot.kernelParams = [
+    "init_on_alloc=1" # zero freshly allocated kernel memory
+    "init_on_free=1" # zero freed kernel memory
+    "slab_nomerge" # don't merge slab caches of different sizes (harder heap grooming)
+    "page_alloc.shuffle=1" # randomize page allocator freelists
+    "randomize_kstack_offset=1" # randomize the kernel stack offset on syscall entry
+  ];
 }

nixos/vulnix.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Vulnix scans the Nix store against the NVD CVE feed to find packages with
+# known vulnerabilities.
+{pkgs, ...}: {
+  environment.systemPackages = [pkgs.vulnix];
+
+  systemd.services.vulnix-scan = {
+    description = "Scan the system closure for known vulnerabilities (vulnix)";
+    serviceConfig = {
+      Type = "oneshot";
+      ExecStart = "${pkgs.vulnix}/bin/vulnix --system --cache-dir /var/cache/vulnix";
+      CacheDirectory = "vulnix";
+      # vulnix exits non-zero when it finds vulnerabilities; that's expected,
+      # don't let systemd treat the scan itself as a failure.
+      SuccessExitStatus = "1 2";
+    };
+  };
+
+  systemd.timers.vulnix-scan = {
+    description = "Daily vulnix scan";
+    wantedBy = ["timers.target"];
+    timerConfig = {
+      OnCalendar = "daily";
+      Persistent = true;
+      RandomizedDelaySec = "1h";
+    };
+  };
+}